Khohlano ea lipolotiki lilemong tsa morao tjena e sentse indasteri ea tšepe ea Ukraine.Lipalo-palo tsa Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Litšepe li bontša hore ho seo pele e neng e le Soviet Union, tlhahiso ea tšepe e tala ea Ukraine e ne e etsa karolelano ea lithane tse fetang limilione tse 50 ka selemo;ka 2021, tlhahiso ea eona ea tšepe e sa tsoakoang e ne e theohetse ho lithane tse limilione tse 21.4.E anngoe ke likhohlano tsa geopolitical, tse ling tsa limilone tsa tšepe tsa Ukraine li sentsoe, mme tlhahiso ea eona ea tšepe e tala ka 2022 le eona e theohetse ho lithane tse limilione tse 6.3, e theohile ho fihla ho 71%.Ho ea ka lipalo-palo tsa Seukraine Steel Trade Association (Ukrmetalurgprom), pele ho Hlakola 2022, Ukraine e na le litsila tsa tšepe tse kholo le tse mahareng tse fetang 10, tse nang le matla a tlhahiso ea tšepe ea lithane tse limilione tse 25.3, mme kamora ho qhoma ha likhohlano naheng eo. ke lifeme tse tšeletseng feela tse setseng tsa tšepe tse nang le kakaretso ea tlhahiso ea tšepe e ka bang lithane tse limilione tse 17.Leha ho le joalo, ho ea ka khatiso ea morao-rao ea tlaleho ea nako e khutšoanyane ea tlhoko ea nako e khutšoanyane ea Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Litšepe e lokollotsoeng ka Mphalane selemong sena, tsoelo-pele ea indasteri ea tšepe ea Ukraine e ntse e ntlafala butle-butle le ho tsitsisa.Sena se ka fana ka matlafatso molemong oa ho hlaphoheloa ha indasteri ea tšepe ea naha.
Lenaneo la ho aha bocha le thusa tlhoko ea tšepe ho ntlafala.
Tlhokahalo ea tšepe Ukraine e ntlafetse, e rua molemo lenaneong la kaho ea naha, har'a lintlha tse ling.Lintlha tse tsoang ho Seukraine Iron and Steel Trade Association li bontšitse hore tlhahiso ea tšepe e tala ea Ukraine likhoeling tse 10 tsa pele tsa 2023 e ne e le lithane tse limilione tse 5,16, ho theosa ka 11,7% selemo le selemo;tlhahiso ea tšepe ea kolobe e ne e le lithane tse limilione tse 4.91, ho theosa le 15.6% selemo le selemo;'me tlhahiso ea tšepe e ne e le lithane tse limilione tse 4.37, ho theoha ka 13% selemo le selemo.Ka nako e telele, hoo e ka bang 80% ea lihlahisoa tsa tšepe tsa Ukraine li rometsoe linaheng tse ling.Selemong se fetileng, ka lebaka la ho imena habeli ha litefiso tsa literene tsa thepa le ho thibeloa ha likou sebakeng sa Leoatle le Letšo, lik'hamphani tsa tšepe tsa naha li lahlehetsoe ke likanale tse bonolo le tse theko e tlase tsa kantle ho naha.
Kamora ho senyeha ha meralo ea motheo ea matla, lik'hamphani tse ngata tsa tšepe tsa naha li ile tsa qobelloa ho koala.Leha ho le joalo, ha tsamaiso ea matla ea Seukraine e khutletse tšebetsong, boholo ba bahlahisi ba matla ba naha ba se ba khona ho khotsofatsa tlhoko ea motlakase ea indasteri, empa ho ntse ho hlokahala hore ho be le ntlafatso e tsoelang pele maemong a phepelo ea matla.Ho feta moo, indasteri ea tšepe ea naha e hloka ka potlako ho hlophisa bocha ketane ea eona ea phepelo le ho hlahisa litsela tse ncha tsa thepa.Hajoale, likhoebo tse ling tsa naha ena li se li thehile litsela tsa thepa ea kantle ho naha ka boema-kepe ba Europe le boema-kepe ba Izmir bo tlase ho Danube ka boroa ho Ukraine, ho netefatsa bokhoni ba mantlha.
'Maraka o ka sehloohong oa lihlahisoa tsa tšepe tsa Seukraine le lihlahisoa tsa metallurgic e' nile ea e-ba sebaka sa European Union, 'me lihlahisoa tse ka sehloohong li kenyelletsa tšepe ea tšepe, lihlahisoa tse felileng, joalo-joalo.Ka hona, tsoelo-pele ea indasteri ea tšepe ea Ukraine e itšetlehile haholo ka boemo ba moruo sebakeng sa EU.Ho tloha qalong ea 2023, lik'hamphani tse robong tse kholo tsa tšepe tsa Europe li phatlalalitse ho qala bocha kapa ho tsosolosoa ha matla a tsona a tlhahiso, kaha lihlahisoa tsa bahlahisi ba bang ba Europe li ile tsa fokotseha ka December 2022.Hammoho le ho hlaphoheloa ha tlhahiso ea tšepe, litheko tsa lihlahisoa tsa tšepe li bone keketseho ea tlhokahalo ea tšepe e tsoang lik'hamphani tsa tšepe tsa Europe.Ka lebaka la ho thibeloa ha likou tsa Leoatle le Letšo, 'maraka oa EU le ona e ntse e le ntho e tlang pele ho lik'hamphani tsa tšepe tsa Ukraine.Ho ea ka ponelopele ea Seukraine Steel Trade Association, ka 2023, thepa ea naha ea kantle ho naha ea lihlahisoa tsa tšepe e tla fihla ho 53%, ho qala ho tsamaisa thepa ho lebelletsoe ho eketseha ho feta;kakaretso ea tlhahiso ea tšepe e tla boela e nyolohele ho lithane tse limilione tse 6,5, kou ea likepe ka mor'a ho buloa ha monyetla oa ho imena habeli.
Lik'hamphani tse ling li se li qalile ho etsa merero ea ho tsosolosa tlhahiso.
Le hoja ho le thata hore tlhahiso ea tšepe ea Ukraine e khutlele boemong boo kapele pele ntoa e qhoma, lik'hamphani tse ling naheng eo li se li qalile ho etsa merero ea ho tsosolosa tlhahiso.
Lintlha tse tsoang ho Seukraine Steel Trade Association li bontša hore ka 2022, karolelano ea selemo le selemo ea tšebeliso ea matla ea indasteri ea tšepe ea Ukraine e tla ba 30% feela.Indasteri ea tšepe ea naha e bonts'a matšoao a pele a ntlafatso ka 2023 ha phepelo ea motlakase e ntse e tsitsa.Ka February 2023, lihlahisoa tsa tšepe tse tala tsa lik'hamphani tsa tšepe tsa Ukraine li ile tsa eketseha ka 49.3% khoeli le khoeli, ho fihlela lithane tse 424,000;tlhahiso ea tšepe e eketsehile ka 30% khoeli le khoeli, e fihla ho lithane tse 334,000.
Lik'hamphani tsa merafo tsa naha li ikemiseditse ho busetsa thepa ya motjha wa tlhahiso.Hona joale, lik'hamphani tse 'nè tsa merafo le ho sebetsa tlas'a Metinvest Group li ntse li hlahisa ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng, ka tekanyo ea tšebeliso ea matla ea 25% ho ea ho 40%.Sehlopha se rera ho khutlisetsa matla a merafo ho 30% ea maemo a pele ho likhohlano ha se ntse se tsepamisitse maikutlo tlhahisong ea pellet.Ka March 2023, mohala oa bobeli oa tlhahiso ea pellet oa Ferrexpo, o tsamaisang khoebo ea merafo ea tšepe Ukraine, o ile oa kenngoa ts'ebetsong.Hajoale, k'hamphani e na le kakaretso ea mela e 4 ea tlhahiso ea pellet tlhahiso, mme sekhahla sa ts'ebeliso ea matla se fihlile ho 50%.
Likhamphani tse libakeng tse kholo tsa tlhahiso ea tšepe li ntse li tobana le likotsi tse ngata
Mabapi le boemo ba hona joale, libakeng tse ka sehloohong tse hlahisang tšepe tsa Ukraine tse kang Zaporozh, Krivoy Rog, Nikopol, Dnipro, le Kamiansk, ho ntse ho e-na le lik'hamphani tsa tšepe tse shebaneng le lisebelisoa tsa tlhahiso le lisebelisoa tsa motlakase.Likotsi tse kang tšenyeho le tšitiso ea thepa.
Kaho e ncha ea indasteri e hohela matsete a mangata mose ho maoatle
Le hoja ntoa ea Russia-Ukraine e bakile tahlehelo e kholo indastering ea tšepe ea Ukraine, lik'hamphani tsa tšepe tsa Ukraine li ntse li kholisehile ka bokamoso.Batsetedi ba maano a kantle ho naha ba boetse ba na le tšepo mabapi le bokhoni ba indasteri ea tšepe ea Ukraine.Litsebi tse ling li bolela esale pele hore ho tsosolosoa ha indasteri ea tšepe ea Ukraine ho tla hohela matsete a mashome a libilione tsa liranta.
Ka Mots'eanong 2023, Sebokeng sa Khoebo sa Kaho se neng se tšoaretsoe Kiev, SMC, e leng mothusi oa Metinvest Group, e ile ea etsa tlhahiso ea semmuso ea morero oa kaho bocha o bitsoang "Steel Dream".Khampani e rera ho qapa mefuta e 13 ea mehaho ea mohaho oa tšepe, ho kenyelletsa le mehaho ea bolulo (matlo a bolulo le lihotele), matlo a litšebeletso tsa sechaba (likolo, li-kindergartens, litleliniki), hammoho le libaka tsa ho paka likoloi, libaka tsa lipapali le libaka tsa bolulo tse ka tlas'a lefatše.SMC e bolela esale pele hore Ukraine e tla hloka lithane tse ka bang limilione tse 3.5 tsa tšepe bakeng sa ho tsosolosoa ha matlo le mehaho ea malapeng, e tla nka lilemo tse 5 ho isa ho tse 10.Likhoeling tse tšeletseng tse fetileng, balekane ba ka bang 50 ka har'a naha ba kenelletse morerong oa Toro ea Tšepe, ho kenyeletsoa liloala tsa tšepe, baetsi ba thepa ea ka tlung le bahlahisi ba thepa ea kaho.
Ka Hlakubele 2023, Posco Holdings Group ea Korea Boroa e thehile ka ho khetheha sehlopha sa ts'ebetso sa "Ukraine Recovery", se shebaneng le merero e amanang le likarolo tse hlano tse kholo ho kenyeletsoa tšepe ea Ukraine, lijo-thollo, lisebelisoa tsa betri tsa bobeli, matla le meaho.Posco Holdings e rera ho nka karolo mererong ea lehae ea ho etsa litšepe e baballang tikoloho.Korea Boroa le Ukraine li tla boela li hlahlobe mekhoa ea kaho ea modular bakeng sa meaho ea tšepe, ka hona e khutsufatsa haholo nako ea kaho ea mosebetsi oa kaho.E le mokhoa o mocha oa kaho, kaho ea modular pele e etsa 70% ho isa ho 80% ea likarolo tsa tšepe fekthering ebe e li isa setšeng bakeng sa kopano.Sena se ka khutsufatsa nako ea kaho ka 60%, 'me likarolo tsa tšepe li ka boela tsa sebelisoa ka katleho.
Ka June 2023, Sebokeng sa Pholiso ea Ukraine se neng se tšoaretsoe London, Engelane, Metinvest Group le Primetals Technologies li ile tsa ikopanya ka molao le sethaleng sa "Green Recovery of the Ukraine Steel Industry".Sethala ke morero oa molao oa 'muso oa Ukraine' me o ikemiselitse ho tšehetsa kaho ea indasteri ea tšepe ea naha 'me qetellong e tsosolose indasteri ea Seukraine ka phetoho e tala ea indasteri ea tšepe.
Ho hakanngoa hore ho tla jella Ukraine US$20 bilione ho isa ho US$40 bilione ho theha ketane ea boleng ba tšepe e tala.Hang ha ketane ea boleng e phethiloe, Ukraine e lebelletsoe ho hlahisa lithane tse ka bang limilione tse 15 tsa "tšepe e tala" ka selemo.
Nako ea poso: Nov-20-2023